Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. Table sugar, granulated sugar, or regular sugar, refers to sucrose, a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. Simple sugars, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Compound sugars, also called disaccharides or double sugars, are molecules composed of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond. Common examples are sucrose, lactose, and maltose. In the body, compound sugars are hydrolysed into simple sugars. Longer chains of monosaccharides are not regarded as sugars, and are called oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Starch is a glucose polymer found in plants, and is the most abundant source of energy in human food. Some other chemical substances, such as glycerol and sugar alcohols, may have a sweet taste, but are not classified as sugar. Sugars are found in the tissues of most plants.
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Sugar的成就
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Sugar Category.. Barley sugar - Barley sugar is a traditional variety of boiled sweet, often yellow or orange in colour, which is usually made with an extract of barley, giving it a characteristic taste and colour.. Holing cane - Holing cane was a process by which slave labor gangs planted sugar cane on plantations. Field slaves were generally divided into three gangs based on their ability to work.. Powdered sugar - Powdered sugar, also called confectioners' sugar, 10X sugar or icing sugar, is a finely ground sugar produced by milling granulated sugar into a powdered state.. Rare sugar - A rare sugar is a sugar that occurs in limited quantities in nature. Rare sugars can be made using enzymes in a process called Izumoring. Specific examples of rare sugars are: • Allulose • Allose • Sorbose • Tagatose.. Sugar plantations in the Caribbean - Sugar plantations in the Caribbean were a major part of the economy of the islands in the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. Most Caribbean islands were covered with sugar cane fields and mills for refining the crop.. Sugar substitute - A sugar substitute is a food additive that provides a sweet taste like that of sugar while containing significantly less food energy than sugar-based sweeteners, making it a zero-calorie or low-calorie sweetener.. Excipients.. Carbohydrates.. Indian inventions.
